β-Methylamino--L-Alanine-(hydro-chloride)

β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is a neurotoxic non-proteinogenic amino acid that has been found in cyanobacteria. It is cytotoxic to mouse primary cortical neurons when used at a concentration of 3 mM in the presence of bicarbonate, an effect that can be blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 or the mGluR5 receptor antagonist MPEP (Item No. 14536). BMAA (3 mM) stimulates release of glutamate and induces oxidative stress in the same cells. It also enhances neuronal cell death induced by amyloid-β (25-35) in mouse primary cortical neurons when used at a concentration of 0.1 mM. Intracerebroventricular...