Kukoamine-B

Kukoamine B is a spermine alkaloid first isolated from a traditional Chinese herb L. chinense that inhibits both lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG DNA). It is reported to inhibit proinflammatory signal transduction and cytokine expression induced by LPS and CpG DNA (Kds = 1.24 and 0.66 µM). LPS and CpG DNA are two well-recognized pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that play a role in triggering sepsis, thus sepsis may be attenuated by simultaneously neutralizing LPS and CpG DNA.