HMGA1 (High Mobility Group Protein HMG-I/HMG-Y, HMG-I(Y), High Mobility Group AT-hook Protein 1, High Mobility Group Protein A1, High Mobility Group Protein R, HMGA1, HMGIY)

High mobility group (HMG) chromatin proteins bind to the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences with high affinity. Evidence suggests that the binding of HMG proteins to DNA induces alterations in the DNA architecture including DNA bending and unwinding of the helix. HMG proteins synergize with Oct-2, members of the NFkB family, ATF-2 and c-Jun to activate transcription. Other studies indicate that phosphorylation of HMG protein is required to stimulate the transcriptional activity of the protein. Human HMG-I/HMG-y contains two DNA-binding domains, termed HMG boxes. HMG proteins bind single-stranded...